Gastroprotective and antifungal evaluation of spray-dried extract and effervescent pre-formulation from Croton blanchetianus Baill leaves

Abstract

Aiming the medicinal potential of Croton blanchetianus leaves, the spray-drier extract (SDE) and the effervescent pre-formulation (EGCb) were evaluated for their acute oral toxicity, gastroprotective and antifungal effects. The phytochemical profile by high-performance liquid chromatography, total flavonoid content and total polyphenol content were performed. For the development of the effervescent pre-formulation (EGCb), the wet granulation technique was used, and its characterization and phytochemical profile were performed. Swiss mice were used for toxicity evaluation and gastroprotective activity against ethanol-induced ulcers. Antifungal activity was done against Candida spp. strains, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The animals showed no toxic effects when the 2000 mg/kg dose of SDE was orally administered. The SDE promoted the gastroprotective effect in all doses, as well, as the effervescent pre-formulation at 200 mg/kg. The antifungal activity achieved MIC and MFC of 1000 μg/mL for SDE and EGCb, against C. albicans and C. glabrata, and a MIC of 500 μg/mL and MFC of 1000 μg/mL of SDE and 500 μg/mL of EGCb for the C. auris strain. Given the above, this study showed that the secondary metabolites present in the leaves of C. blanchetianus, confirmed its therapeutic potential, promoting the search for new knowledge and options for future pharmaceutical formulations.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Keywords:

• Marmeleiro
• ulcers
• Candida
• flavonoids