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Articles

Competencia comunicativa intercultural y enseñanza de español LE/L2: antecedentes, estado actual y perspectivas futuras

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Pages 99-122 | Received 30 May 2020, Accepted 30 Oct 2020, Published online: 13 Jan 2021
 

RESUMEN

Actualmente vivimos en contextos de movilidad creciente en los que la competencia comunicativa intercultural (CCI) constituye una de las claves para gestionar la diversidad e interactuar adecuadamente en escenarios multiculturales. En este artículo abordamos, en primer lugar, los antecedentes, la conceptualización y las dimensiones de la CCI (cognitiva, procedimental, afectiva y de conciencia crítica). En segundo lugar, analizamos cómo reflejan las dimensiones de esta competencia algunos documentos institucionales de referencia en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras tanto en Estados Unidos como en Europa. En tercer lugar, planteamos el estado actual de la investigación, sintetizando algunas contribuciones significativas vinculadas al desarrollo de la CCI en el ámbito de ELE/L2 en las dos últimas décadas. Finalmente, en el apartado de perspectivas futuras, sugerimos algunos temas de especial interés vinculados a la descolonización del currículo y a la enseñanza de ELE/L2 en entornos virtuales y de telecolaboración.

ABSTRACT

Today we live in contexts of increasing mobility in which intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is one of the keys to managing diversity and interacting appropriately in multicultural settings. In this article we address, firstly, the background, conceptualisation and dimensions of ICC (cognitive, procedural, affective and critical awareness). Secondly, we analyse how the dimensions of this competence are included in institutional documents on the teaching of foreign languages in both the United States and Europe. Thirdly, we set out the current state of research, summarising some significant contributions linked to the development of ICC in the field of Spanish as a Foreign or Second Language (ELE/L2) over the last two decades. Finally, in the section on future prospects, we suggest some issues of special interest linked to the decolonisation of the curriculum and the teaching of ELE/L2 in virtual and telecollaborative environments.

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