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Articles

Reconstituting U.S. Spanish language education: U.S. Latinx occupying classrooms

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Pages 114-128 | Published online: 27 Dec 2021
 

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to redefine Spanish language education in the U.S. by showing how the increased presence of Latinx Spanish-speakers in classrooms brings into question the traditional way in which Spanish language teaching is divided into three, separate fields: as a foreign language, in bilingual education, and as a heritage language. It proposes that Spanish language education focuses on the ways in which the numerous U.S. Latinx perform language, and the reasons for their ways of languaging. The article explores the linked histories of Spanish language education in the U.S and racialization of the U.S. Latinx community. A review of how Spanish language education has constituted itself as three separate fields is then presented, as the cracks in the divisions today are analyzed. The article then proposes a reconstitution of Spanish language teaching by appropriating two concepts that have been increasingly making inroads in the education of minoritized bilingual students: undoing raciolinguistic ideologies and leveraging the translanguaging of Latinx bilingual communities. It concludes with a series of practical recommendations for Spanish language teachers.

RESUMEN

Este artículo trata de reestructurar la educación del español en los EE. UU. mostrando cómo la mayor presencia de hispanohablantes latinxs en las aulas cuestiona la división tradicional de la enseñanza del español en tres ramas separadas entre sí: como lengua extranjera, en la educación bilingüe y como lengua de herencia. Proponemos que la enseñanza del español se centre en las formas en que lxs numerosxs latinxs estadounidenses producen su lengua y en las razones tras esas formas de lenguar. El artículo establece un diálogo entre la historia de la enseñanza del español en EE. UU. y la historia de la racialización de la comunidad latina del país. Con ello, realizamos una revisión sobre cómo la enseñanza del español se ha constituido en tres campos académicos separados y analizamos las grietas actuales en esas divisiones. A partir de ese análisis, el artículo propone una reconstitución de la enseñanza del español mediante la apropiación de dos estrategias cada vez más avanzadas en la educación de los estudiantes bilingües minorizados: deshacer las ideologías raciolingüísticas y aprovechar el translenguar de las comunidades latinas bilingües. El artículo concluye con una serie de recomendaciones prácticas para profesores de español.

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