The Five-Point Test: Normative data for middle-aged and elderly Spaniards

Abstract

The Five-Point Test (5PT) is a neuropsychological tool for examining design or figural fluency. In this study, we aimed to provide normative data for the 5PT in Spain. Also, we aimed to compare the norms collected in our research with other normative studies from other populations to evaluate a potential cross-cultural application of 5PT. One hundred and ninety-two healthy subjects aged were enrolled. The mean age was 68.48 ± 9.68 years old (range 50–89), and mean years of education were 10.65 ± 5.22. There were 117 (60.9%) women. The overlapping interval strategy was used to maximize the sample size. Age- and education-adjusted scores were estimated using linear regression analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to calculate agreement with norms from other countries. Age and years of formal education showed moderate correlations with the scores, while the influence of sex was non-significant. Intraclass correlation coefficient (absolute agreement) between Spanish and German norms was 0.956 (95% confidence interval 0.906–0.978). Norms for unique designs at 1, 2, and 3 minutes are provided. Our study confirms the influence of age and education on design fluency and provides normative data for people older than 50 years old. We hypothesize that 5PT might be a useful test in cross-cultural settings.

Keywords:

• Cognitive assessment
• fluency
• neuropsychological test
• normative
• screening

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).