Abstract
Objective
The current study investigated the effects of proton pump inhibitor use and apolipoprotein ε4 carrier status on changes in neuropsychological functioning in healthy adults with familial risk factors for dementia.
Methods
As part of the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention study, 1,573 subjects were administered questionnaires on their medical history, gave blood samples, and were administered neuropsychological assessments during four visits over a 10–15 year period. Linear mixed models assessed if non-users, subjects who stopped, started, or consistently used proton pump inhibitors differed in changes in working memory, verbal memory, psychomotor speed, and cognitive flexibility.
Results
The models did not yield significant main effects for proton pump inhibitor use or interaction effects between proton pump inhibitor use and apolipoprotein ε4 carrier status on a decline in memory or processing speed. An interaction effect suggested stopping a proton pump inhibitor may be protective against declines in cognitive flexibility among non-carriers.
Conclusions
Although stopping a proton pump inhibitor use may have mild protective effects on executive functioning for non-apolipoprotein ε4 carriers, proton pump inhibitor use was not associated with memory decline in a sample of subjects with familial risk factors for dementia.
Acknowledgements
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIH. The authors would like to thank the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention (WRAP) study team who was responsible for obtaining the dataset.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability statement
Researchers interested in obtaining data from the WRAP can do so by applying to obtain resources on their website. More information can be found here: https://www.adrc.wisc.edu/researchers.