DSM-5 PTSD in Children Six Years and Younger: Implications for Assessment and Treatment

Abstract

The DSM-5 includes major revisions to the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis including new and separate diagnostic criteria for children ages 6 and younger. The PTSD diagnosis for young children reflects developmentally appropriate criteria and behavioral indicators previously not addressed in the DSM. This is significant due to the high incidence of trauma and maltreatment experienced by young children, yet common misclassification and underresponse within mental health. This article provides (a) an overview of the prevalence of trauma in young children, (b) a developmental presentation of PTSD, and (c) a review of the new DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD in children ages 6 and younger. Additionally, practical implications offer counselors guidance in assessment, diagnosis and intervention.

Keywords:

• diagnosis
• post-traumatic stress disorder
• DSM-5

ORCID

Naomi Wheeler

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-5695