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Articles

The Nation, the Festival, and Institutionalized Memory: Transoptic Landscapes of the Welsh National Eisteddfod

Pages 558-583 | Received 23 Jan 2020, Accepted 17 Dec 2020, Published online: 02 Jun 2021
 

Abstract

Each year the National Eisteddfod alternates between north and south Wales in a festival that consistently redefines itself and what it means to be and perform Welshness. As a publicly funded and organized national institution, the National Eisteddfod’s performances, competitions, and pavilions reflect aspects of Welsh memory and heritage through traditional poetry, dance, and music. Likewise, this space is central to the continuing evolution of Welsh memory and Welsh music. The work of memory, language, and music during the annual ten-day festival in 2018 experienced numerous structural changes from customary eisteddfodau. Through musicals, folk music, carnivals, and other performances, music and memory in Cardiff Bay intersected with transatlantic identities, protest, and the deindustrialized urban setting. Using interviews and a transoptic landscape analysis, this paper explores the musical, performative, and national landscapes of the 2017 and 2018 National Eisteddfodau to better understand these emerging postcolonial, post-industrial, performative, and pluralized memories in Wales.

每年,国家音乐节在北威尔士和南威尔士之间轮流举行。这个节日不断地审视自己,也在不断地重新定义该节日对威尔士主义的意义。作为一个由政府资助并组织的国家机构,国家音乐节的表演、比赛和展馆,通过传统诗歌、舞蹈和音乐,反映了威尔士人的回忆和传统。同样,这个空间是威尔士回忆和威尔士音乐持续发展的核心。与以往相比,为期十天的2018年度音乐节期间,回忆、语言和音乐等作品出现了许多结构性的变化。卡迪夫湾的音乐和回忆,通过音乐剧、民间音乐、嘉年华和其它表演,与跨大西洋身份、抗议和去工业化城市环境等出现了交互。通过采访和透视景观分析,本文探讨了2017年和2018年国家音乐节的音乐、表演和民族景观,从而更好地了解威尔士新兴的后殖民主义、后工业化、表演和多元化的回忆。

Cada año la Eisteddfod Nacional alterna entre el norte y el sur de Gales en un festival que de manera consistente se redefine a sí mismo, en términos de qué es lo que significa ser y representar lo galés. Como institución financiada y organizada de con recursos públicos, las representaciones, competencias y pabellones de la Eisteddfod Nacional reflejan aspectos de la memoria y la heredad galesas por medio de la poesía tradicional, el baile y la música. También, este espacio es central a la evolución continuada de la memoria galesa y de la música galesa. El trabajo de la memoria, la lengua y la música experimentó durante el festival anual de diez días, en 2018, numerosos cambios estructurales del habitual eisteddfodau, el festival musical. A través de musicales, música folclórica, carnavales y otras representaciones, la música y la memoria en la Bahía de Cardiff se entrecruzaron con las identidades transatlánticas, la protesta y el escenario urbano desindustrializado. Usando entrevistas y análisis transóptico del paisaje, este escrito explora los paisajes musical, performativo y nacional de la Eisteddfod Nacional para entender mejor estas memorias emergentes poscoloniales, representacionales y pluralizadas en Gales.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the American Association of Geographers [Dissertation Research Grant]; Kent State University [Graduate Student Senate Research Award].

Notes on contributors

Mark Alan Rhodes

MARK ALAN RHODES II is an Assistant Professor of Geography in the Department of Social Sciences at Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931. E-mail: [email protected]. He teaches and advises Industrial Heritage and Archaeology and Environmental and Energy Policy MS and PhD students, and his research critically examines the intersections of memory, identity, culture, and landscape, particularly in Wales.

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