Design and optimization of form and facade of an office building using the genetic algorithm

Abstract

One of the most important sustainable building design goals is energy performance throughout the life cycle of the building. In this article, the optimization of an office building facade has been performed using a genetic algorithm with the sustainability approach. Multi-objective optimization using an The Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA-2) algorithm gives the amount of solar radiation received by the building’s envelope and useful interior space and shape coefficient of the design based on the cooling load, heating load, and natural light supplied to the building. In order to achieve the project objectives, parametric modeling was used with Grasshopper software and environmental analysis tools, Ladybug and Honeybee. In both optimization steps, the optimal solution was selected on the Pareto front and, according to the designer, the decision was made between the optimal results. Optimization has led to an improvement in usable space, reduced thermal load, and improved natural light in the building. Using Pareto front, genetic algorithms and parametric modeling have a significant role in developing a sustainable design. The process and results of this research help architects and designers to find a more sustainable design and facade for the building.

Notes on contributors

Zahra Jalali has recently graduated with a Master's degree in Architecture, focusing on Architecture Technology – Bionic Architecture, from the University of Tehran. Her main research interest is “Optimization of Building Façade Using Genetic Algorithm with sustainability and BIM Integration Approach”.

Dr. Esmatullah Noorzai has been working at the University of Tehran with the title of lecturer for five years. He teaches research methodology, building information modeling, new technologies and materials in building construction, and value engineering. Furthermore, he has two books titled “project delivery systems” and “building information modeling” published in Tehran University Press which is taught in postgraduate level. He has a valuable research and professional background in the field of project and construction management and architectural technology publishing numerous papers.

Shahin Heidari received his post-doctoral degree in Architecture-Energy from Sheffield Hallam University in 2000. Working as full professor at the University of Tehran, he has published several national and international papers and six books concentrating on energy in architecture.