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Research Article

The Belt and Road Initiative and the transit countries: an economic assessment of land transport corridors

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Pages 93-113 | Received 06 Jun 2017, Accepted 22 Sep 2017, Published online: 14 Nov 2017
 

ABSTRACT

In the light of the implications of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for Greater Eurasia and, in particular, Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries, this paper assesses the prospects of seven actual and potential trans-Eurasian overland transport corridors. Based on the analysis of trade flows, railway tariffs, existing restrictions and individual routes’ potential efficiency, the most promising overland China–EU and China–EAEU transport corridors and their prospective goods nomenclatures are identified. China–EAEU–EU transit is interpreted as the ‘story of the container’. The principal interests of EAEU countries in developing BRI transport corridors are identified, as are the opportunities that involvement in China’s BRI affords for the promotion of a substantial transit business and, most importantly, better regional and interregional connectivity within both the EAEU and Greater Eurasia.

摘要

‘一带一路’倡议与过境国:对陆路运输走廊的经济评价. Area Development and Policy. [根据中国的‘一带一路’倡议对大欧亚尤其是欧亚经济联盟国家的影响,本文对七条实际存在和未来可能存在的跨欧亚陆上运输走廊的前景进行评估。基于对贸易流、铁路运价、现有限制和各自路线的潜在效率的分析,确定出发展前景最好的中国-欧盟和中国-欧亚经济联盟陆上运输走廊及其可运输的商品目录。将中国-欧亚经济联盟-欧盟运输解释为‘集装箱的故事’。指出欧亚经济联盟国家在‘一带一路’交通走廊建设中可获得的主要利益,以及参与中国的‘一带一路’倡议为推动这些国家运输业务长足发展、加强欧亚经济联盟和大欧亚内部区域与区域间联通的机遇。]

RESUMEN

La iniciativa La Franja y La Ruta y los países de tránsito: una valoración económica de los corredores de transporte por tierra. Area Development and Policy. Habida cuenta de las consecuencias de la iniciativa la Franja y la Ruta de China para el gran continente Euroasiático y en concreto para los países de la Unión Económica Euroasiática (UEE), en este artículo se evalúan las perspectivas de siete corredores de transporte actuales y posibles por vía terrestre transeurásica. A partir del análisis de los flujos comerciales, las tarifas ferroviarias, las restricciones existentes y la posible eficacia de las rutas individuales, se identifican cuáles son los corredores de transporte por vía terrestre más prometedores entre China y la UE, y entre China y la UEE, así como las nomenclaturas de sus posibles mercancías. El tránsito entre la UEE y la UE se interpreta como la ‘historia del contenedor’. Se determinan los principales intereses de los países de la UEE para el desarrollo de los corredores de transporte en la iniciativa la Franja y la Ruta así como las oportunidades que ofrece la Franja y la Ruta de China para fomentar un considerable comercio de tránsito y, más importante, una mejor conexión regional e interregional tanto en la Unión Económica Euroasiática como en el gran continente Euroasiático.

Аннотация

Инициатива ‘Один пояс–один путь’ и транзитные страны: экономическая оценка наземных транспортных коридоров. Area Development and Policy. В свете последствий китайской инициативы ‘Один пояс–один путь’ (BRI) для Евразии в целом и для Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) в частности в данной статье дается оценка перспектив семи нынешних и потенциальных транс-евразийских наземных транспортных коридоров. На основе анализа торговых потоков, железнодорожных тарифов, существующих ограничений и потенциальной эффективности отдельных маршрутов определены наиболее перспективные наземные транспортные коридоры Китай-ЕС и Китай-ЕАЭС и соответствующие перспективные товарные номенклатуры. Транзит Китай-ЕАЭС-ЕС рассматривается как ‘история контейнера’. Выявлены основные интересы стран ЕАЭС в развитии транспортных коридоров BRI, а также возможности, которые открывает участие в BRI для содействия транзитному бизнесу и, что особенно важно, для улучшения региональных и межрегиональных связей как в ЕАЭС, так и в большой Евразии.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors thank the editors and anonymous journal referees for the provision of critical inputs that made the paper leaner and stronger. All mistakes that remain are our own.

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

2. See IMF World Economic Outlook Database. Available at: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/index.aspx.

3. Container transport volumes are measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU).

4. All hydrocarbons, agricultural products with code 10 (primarily French barley), seafood coming from China to Europe, various food products, confectionery and groceries were excluded from the analysis. Commodity groups such as wool, silk, cellulose (bulk), photochemistry, Chinese tobacco, plant materials and fabrics from plant materials, flour, detergent powder, vegetable and animal oils, and printed products were also excluded.

5. InfraNews is one of the leading Russian research agencies specializing in transport and logistics (see http://www.infranews.ru).

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