Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the toad-headed lizard, Phrynocephalus vlangalii vlangalii. The overall length of mitogenome is 16,319 bp, including 22 tRNA, 13 protein coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 control regions. The gene order and content were same with the published congeneric mitogenomes, besides the small portion between tRNA-Pro and tRNA-Phe.
Keywords:
We report the complete mitogenome of Phrynocephalus vlangalii from Geermu, Western Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau with GenBank Acc. MF039058. The specimen was stored in College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University. The PCR and sequencing method followed the description (Liao and Jin Citation2016). The great mass of the genes are coded on the H-strand, and some of others are encoded on the L-strand, containing tRNA-Gln (CAA), tRNA-Ala (GCA), tRNA-Asn (AAC), tRNA-Cys (UGC), tRNA-Tyr (UAC), tRNA-Ser (UCA), tRNA-Glu (GAA), tRNA-Pro (CCA), and ND6. ND2 starts at ATT; COI, COII, ATP8, ATP6, COIII, ND4L, ND4, ND5, and Cytb regard ATG as start codon; ND6 starts at GTG; ND1 starts at ATA. ND2, ATP8, ND4L, ND4, and ND5 stops at TAA; ND1 and COI stop at AGA; ND6 stops at AGG. Other protein-coding genes (COII, ATP6, COIII, ND3, and Cytb) stop at a single stop nucleotide T.
Compared with other viviparous Phrynocephalus (Chen et al. Citation2014; Fu et al. Citation2016; Liao and Jin Citation2016; Tong and Jin Citation2016; Zhu et al. Citation2016), the segment that contains two control regions (CR, tRNA-Pro, tRNA-Phe, CR) of P. v. vlangalii has some difference with P. theobaldi orientali (CR, tRNA-Phe, tRNA-Pro, CR. GenBank Acc. KJ551842).
Bayesian analyses were performed in BEAST (v1.8.2) to infer the mitogenomic tree using P. przewalskii as outgroup. The above-published mitogenomes of Phrynocephaus viviparity including the well aligned fragments with 15,743 bp in length were included into analyses. The GTR + I + G substitution model selected by Akaike information criterion (AIC) was included to account for the concatenated sequences used into analyses. The phylogenetic topology () was robust while identical topology was obtained by different partitioning strategies as well as by using other phylogenetic inferences (i.e. maximum likelihood tree and Neighbor-Joining Tree in MEGA 7.0). The estimated topology supported a previous published phylogenetic inference including all Phrynocephalus viviparity (Jin and Brown Citation2013).
Figure 1. Bayesian phylogenetic inference among Phrynocephalus viviparity. The numbers near the nodes corresponded to the posterior probabilities.
Disclosure statement
The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.
Additional information
Funding
References
- Chen DL, Guo XG, Li J. 2014. The complete mitochondrial genome of secret toad-headed agama, Phrynocephalus mystaceus (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae). Mitochondrial DNA A. 25:19–20.
- Fu CY, Chen W, Jin YT. 2016. The complete mitochondrial genome of Phrynocephalus guinanensis (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae). Mitochondrial DNA A. 27:1103–1104.
- Jin YT, Brown RP. 2013. Species history and divergence times of viviparous and oviparous Chinese toad-headed sand lizards (Phrynocephalus) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 68:259–268.
- Liao PH, Jin YT. 2016. The complete mitochondrial genome of the toad-headed lizard subspecies, Phrynocephalus theobaldi orientalis (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae). Mitochondrial DNA A. 27:559–560.
- Tong HJ, Jin YT. 2016. The complete mitochondrial genome of an agama, Phrynocephalus putjatia (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae). Mitochondrial DNA A. 27:1028–1029.
- Zhu LF, Liao PH, Tong HJ, Jin YT. 2016. The complete mitochondrial genome of the subspecies, Phrynocephalus erythrurus parva (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae), a toad-headed lizard dwell at highest elevations of any reptile in the world. Mitochondrial DNA A. 27:703–704.