Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the leafhopper species Abrus expansivus Xing and Li 2014 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) are sequenced and annotated. The mitochondrial genome is 15,904 bp, has an A + T content of 74.7% (A 40.9%; T 33.8% C 14.4%; G 10.9%), which is the classical structure for insect mitogenome. All PCGs started with ATN and stopped with TAN, except COX2 and ND5, ND5 started with TTG and COX2 stopped with single T. The phylogenetic tree confirms that A. expansivus and Norvellina sp are clustered into a clade. This study enriches the mitogenomes of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae.
The leafhopper genus Abrus was established by Dai and Zhang (Citation2002), it belongs to the tribe Athysanini of subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). This genus now contains 19 species, all species are very similar in colouration and difficult to distinguish externally, but the structure of aedeagus are markedly different (Xing and Li Citation2014). Moreover, most of them were recorded that they feed on bamboo (Yang and Chen Citation2013). In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequences of Abrus expansivus Xing and Li (Citation2014) were determined using next-generation sequencing method for the first time, which obtained for leafhoppers in this study will facilitate future studies on the identification, population genetics, and evolution of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae.
Total genome DNA was extracted from male adult of A. expansivus which was collected from Bamboo, in Doupeng Mountain, Guizhou Province, China, in August 2016. And voucher specimen’s genome DNA and male external genitalia are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC). The complete mitogenome of A. expansivus is 15,904 bp in length (GenBank accession number MK033020), containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and one large non-coding region (Control region, 1545 bp), and a kind of repeat units were founded in control region. In general, the A. expansivus mitogenome has an A + T content of 74.7% (A 40.9%; T 33.8% C 14.4%; G 10.9%), which is within the range reported from Hemipteran mitogenomes (68.86–86.33; Wang et al. Citation2015). All PCGs started with ATN and stopped with TAN, except COX2 and ND5, ND5 started with TTG and COX2 stopped with single T. All tRNA genes are identified by ARWEN version 1.2 software (Laslett and Canbäck Citation2008). The 16S rRNA gene is 1204 bp in size and is located between tRNA-L2 and tRNA-V; the 12S rRNA gene is 756 bp in length and is located after tRNA-V. The control region is 1545 bp long, and is located between 12S rRNA and tRNA-I.
The phylogenetic relationships of A. expansivus were reconstructed using MrBayes analysis based upon the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the 13 PCGs (). The 13 PCG sequences without stop codons were used in the phylogenetic analysis. Each PCG was aligned individually with codon-based multiple alignments using the MAFFT algorithm in the TranslatorX online server (Abascal et al. Citation2010). Phylogenetic trees were generated using MrBayes software (Miller et al. Citation2010) with the GTR + I + G model.
Figure 1. Phylogenetic analyses of Abrus expansivus based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the 13 PCGs of 24 species. The analysis was performed using MrBayes software. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values. The accession number for each species is indicated after the scientific name.
The phylogenetic tree confirms that A. expansivus is part of the Athysanini, which clustered with Norvellina sp. into a clade. Up to now, few studies have been recorded for Deltocephalinae, and we hope that our data can be useful for further study.
Disclosure statement
The authors claim no conflict of interest.
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References
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