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Articles

A Semantic and Sentiment Analysis on Online Neighborhood Reviews for Understanding the Perceptions of People toward Their Living Environments

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon &
Pages 1052-1073 | Received 01 Sep 2017, Accepted 01 Sep 2018, Published online: 08 Mar 2019
 

Abstract

The perceptions of people toward neighborhoods reveal their satisfaction with their living environments and their perceived quality of life. Recently, there is an emergence of Web sites designed for helping people to find suitable places to live. On these Web sites, current and previous residents can review their neighborhoods by providing numeric ratings and textual comments. Such online neighborhood review data provide novel opportunities for studying the perceptions of people toward their neighborhoods. In this article, we analyze such online neighborhood review data. Specifically, we extract two types of knowledge from the data: (1) semantics, or the semantic topics (or aspects) that people talk about regarding their neighborhoods, and (2) sentiments, or the emotions that people express toward the different aspects of their neighborhoods. We experiment with a number of different computational models in extracting these two types of knowledge and compare their performances. The experiments are based on a data set of online reviews about the neighborhoods in New York City, which were contributed by 7,673 distinct Web users. We also conduct correlation analyses between the subjective perceptions extracted from this data set and the objective socioeconomic attributes of New York City neighborhoods and find similarities and differences. The effective models identified in this research can be applied to neighborhood reviews in other cities for supporting urban planning and quality of life studies.

人们对邻里的感知,揭露了他们对其生活环境的满意度及其所认知的生活质量。晚近兴起设计来协助人们寻找适合生活之地的网站。在这些网站上,目前以及过往的居民,能够通过提供数字化的评分和文字注解来评价其邻里。此般网上邻里评价数据,为研究人们对其邻里的感知提供了新颖的机会。我们于本文中分析此般网上评价数据。我们特别从数据中取得两种类型的知识:(1)人们论及其邻里的语义或语义主题(或面向);以及(2)情感,抑或人们对其邻里不同面向所表达的情绪。我们在取出这两种知识类型时,实验若干不同的计算模型,并比较其表现。该实验是根据一个有关纽约市邻里的网上评论数据集,该数据集由七千六百七十三位不同的网路使用者贡献而成。我们同时对从此一数据集取出的主观认知和纽约市邻里的客观社会经济属性之间进行相关性分析。本研究所指认的有效模型,能够应用至其他城市的邻里评论,以支持城市规划与生活质量研究。

Las percepciones que la gente tiene sobre los vecindarios revelan sus satisfacciones con sus entornos vitales y su percepción de la calidad de vida. Recientemente han surgido sitios web diseñados para ayudar a la gente a encontrar lugares apropiados donde vivir. En estos lugares de la red los residentes actuales y anteriores pueden hacer la revisión de sus barrios suministrando clasificaciones numéricas y comentarios textuales. Tales datos de reseña en red de los vecindarios proveen novedosas oportunidades para estudiar las percepciones de la gente sobre sus vecindarios. En este artículo analizamos esos datos de reseña de vecindarios en red. Específicamente, extraemos dos tipos de conocimiento de esos datos: (1) semántica, o sea los tópicos semánticos (o aspectos) de los que la gente habla en relación con sus vecindarios; y (2) sentimientos, o sea las emociones que la gente expresa sobre los diferentes aspectos de sus vecindarios. Llevamos a cabo experimentos con un número de diferentes modelos computacionales para extraer estos dos tipos de conocimiento y comparar sus desempeños. Los experimentos se basan en un conjunto de datos de reseñas en red acerca de los barrios de la Ciudad de Nueva York, que fueron aportados por 7.673 usuarios de la Web. También llevamos a cabo análisis de correlación entre las percepciones subjetivas extraídas de este conjunto de datos y los atributos socioeconómicos objetivos de los barrios de la Ciudad de Nueva York, para encontrar similitudes y diferencias. Los modelos efectivos identificados en esta investigación pueden aplicarse al estudio de vecindarios en otras ciudades en apoyo de la planificación urbana y estudios sobre calidad de vida.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Yingjie Hu

YINGJIE HU is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography at the University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include spatial and textual data analytics, geospatial semantics, and geographic information retrieval.

Chengbin Deng

CHENGBIN DENG is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography at Binghamton University, the State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include remote sensing, land use and land cover change, and big data analysis.

Zhou Zhou

ZHOU ZHOU is a Master’s Student in the Department of Geography at Binghamton University, the State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902. His research focuses on GIS and spatial analysis.

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