Use of mitochondrial COI gene for the identification of family Salticidae and Lycosidae of spiders

Abstract

In recent years, DNA barcoding has become quite popular for molecular identification of species because it is simple, quick and an affordable method. Present study was conducted to identify spiders of most abundant families, i.e. Salticidae and Lycosidae from citrus orchards in Sargodha district using DNA barcoding. A total of 160 specimens were subjected to DNA barcoding but, sequences up to 600 bp were recovered for 156 specimens. This molecular approach proved helpful to assign the exact taxon to those specimens which were misidentified through morphological characters in the study. We were succeeded to discriminate six species of Lycosidae and nine species of Salticidae through DNA barcoding. Results revealed the presence of clear barcode gap (discontinuity in intra- and inter-specific divergences) for members of both families. Furthermore, the maximum intra-specific divergence was less than NN (nearest neighbour) distance for all species. This suggested the reliability of DNA barcoding for spider’s identification up to species level. We got 98% success in our study. It is concluded from present study that DNA barcoding is more reliable tool especially for immature spiders, when morphological characters are ambiguous.

Keywords:

• mtDNA
• spiders
• identification

Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Dr Paul D.N. Hebert, Director, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada and his team especially Dr Muhammad Ashfaq for the help in sequence analyses of spiders.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.