Effect of stirring time on morphology and crystalline features of MnO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method

ABSTRACT

Manganese oxide (MnO₂) nanopowders were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of an α-MnO₂ crystal with tetragonal structure, with the crystallite size decreasing as the stirring time is increased from 0.5 h to 3 h. Transmission electron microscopy investigation revealed that MnO₂ powders consisted of nanorods with the average particles sizes of 20–80 nm diameter and 100–150 nm length. The lattice fringes thickness is 0.619 nm, which corresponds to the direction of (110) plane. Finally, it was found that the stirring time was the key parameter to control the morphology, particle sizes, and crystallite size of MnO₂ powder.

KEYWORDS:

• Manganese oxide
• nanoparticles
• co-precipitation

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Program in Physics, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University for providing the FTIR spectroscopy facilities.

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Office of the Higher Education Commission: National Research Universities (NRPM No. 2558A31962003) and the National Research of Thailand.