Facile green approach for solar energy assisted biogenic nanoparticles synthesis mediated by seed kernel aqueous extract of Trichosanthes tricupsidata and its potential biomedical applications

Abstract

In this study, an eco-friendly approach is developed to green synthesize AgNPs using seed kernel aqueous extract of the bitter snake gourd, Trichosanthes tricupsidata (Tt). The biophysical properties of Tt-AgNPs formed under ideal conditions were characterized using UV–visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses. Tt-AgNPs showed substantial antibacterial activity against eight Gram-negative and five Gram-positive bacterial pathogens tested. Hemolytic assay performed against human-A erythrocytes ensured the biocompatibility of Tt-AgNPs at 2.8% of hemolysis that showed the standard requirements for nanoparticles hemolytic properties. Tt-AgNPs showed dose-dependent larval anti-mosquito activity against fourth instar larvae Aedes aegypti. Larval mortality of 100% was observed with highest concentration and the 24 h LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values were found to be 233.18 and 446.22 µg/mL, respectively. No lethal effect was observed on non-target aquatic insect larvae Chironomus costatus. The overall findings of the study revealed the Tt-AgNPs are suitable for its potential biomedical applications.

Keywords:

• Trichosanthes tricupsidata
• green synthesis
• antibacterial activity
• larvicidal activity
• hemolytic activity

Acknowledgments

Authors thank SAIF, IIT Madras for the XRD, and HR-TEM services. They also thankful to the UGC-UPE Phase II programme of University of Madras for the financial support and DST-FIST, Department of Zoology for infrastructural facility.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.