Governance of Olympic Environmental Stakeholders

Abstract

The purpose of this paper was to examine the governance mechanisms that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) utilizes to govern environmental stakeholders in the management of the Olympic Games. A case study was built focusing on archival data from the Olympic Movement. Via a qualitative approach, content analysis was employed to interpret this archival data. Several environmental stakeholders were considered aside from the IOC: Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGs), local governments, environmental organizations, and sponsors. The IOC utilized a number of policy governance mechanisms to encourage the inclusion of environmental stakeholders into the management of Games. These included a combination of coercive, framework, and voluntarism policies as well as the Host City Contract. These modes of policy governance contribute to the sport event management literature by providing an outline of the most influential environmental stakeholders in the Movement and how the IOC enforces their inclusion and compliance.

奥运会环境利益相关者的治理

本文旨在研究国际奥林匹克委员会(IOC)在管理奥运会中, 用以管理环境利益相关者而采用的治理机制。以奥林匹克运动中的归档数据为研究对象, 建立一项案例研究。通过定性方法, 采用内容分析来阐释这一归档数据。除了国际奥林匹克委员会之外, 本文还将考虑另外几个环境利益相关者：奥运会组委会、地方政府、环保组织和主办单位等。国际奥林匹克委员会利用若干政策治理机制, 鼓励将环境利益相关者纳入奥运会的管理之中。这些机制采用强制、体制、自愿政策以及《主办城市合同》相结合的手段。通过对奥运会中最具影响力的环境利益相关者及国际奥委会如何接纳并让其遵守规定进行概述, 这些政策治理模式为体育赛事管理文献做出贡献。

Keywords:

• Environment
• sustainability
• Olympic Games
• stakeholders
• governance

关键词:

• 环境
• 可持续性
• 奥林匹克运动会
• 利益相关者
• 治理

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Walker J. Ross

Walker J. Ross (MS, University of Georgia, USA) is a PhD Student in Department of Sport and Entertainment Management at University of South Carolina, USA. Mr. Ross’s research interests include issues of the environment and sustainability in sport event and venue management.

Becca Leopkey

Becca Leopkey (PhD, University of Ottawa, Canada) is an Assistant Professor in Department of Kinesiology at University of Georgia, USA. Dr Leopkey’s main areas of research interest include sport event organization, event legacy, and international sport organizations. She has received funding from a number of organizations including the International Olympic Committee and her work can be found in many leading journals and edited collections including the Journal of Sport Management and European Sport Management Quarterly.

Haylee Uecker Mercado

Haylee Uecker Mercado (PhD, Florida State University, USA) is an Associate Professor in Department of Sport and Entertainment Management at University of South Carolina, USA. Dr Mercado’s research interests lie in the areas of facility sustainability design, Green practices, and corporate social responsibility. Mercado’s research can be found in several top business journals including Business Ethics, Management, and Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management.