The Influence of False Evidence Ploy Variants on Perceptions of Coercion and Deception

ABSTRACT

During custodial interrogations, law enforcement officers are permitted to use various methods of deception to entice a suspect to give a confession. Two of these commonly used methods include the False Evidence Ploy (FEP), and its less deceptive variant, the bluff tactic. While the bluff may appear to be less deceptive than the FEP, it also influences innocent suspects to confess. In the present study, participants were shown 1 of 6 possible videos that varied the type of deception (control/FEP/bluff) along with interrogation length (1/12 hours). Participants rated how deceptive and coercive the interrogation was and rendered guilt judgments. The results indicates that participants failed to distinguish between the FEP and the bluff in terms of either deceptiveness or coercion, and neither deception type nor interrogation length impacted guilt judgments. Judgments of deception, coercion, and guilt intercorrelated, but participants did not distinguish between the deception tactics in any of these measures. The implications for juror evaluations of videotaped confessions during trial and the potential for wrongful convictions are discussed.

KEYWORDS:

• Interrogation
• coercion
• juries

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

¹ When we correlated a single measure of coercion (i.e., reverse-scored measure of how voluntary the confession was) and a single measure of deception (i.e., a reverse-scored measure of how truthful the interrogator was) the correlation was reduced but remained significant, r (190) – .363, p < .001.