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Canadian Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine
Revue canadienne des soins respiratoires et critiques et de la médecine du sommeil
Volume 3, 2019 - Issue 1
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Original Research

Profile of CPAP-prescribing physicians in Ontario, Canada: A secular trend analysis

ORCID Icon, , , , &
Pages 50-55 | Received 06 Mar 2018, Accepted 19 Jul 2018, Published online: 31 Oct 2018
 

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, is on the rise worldwide. In Canada, sleep medicine has not been recognized as a unique discipline, and a minimal amount is known about those who practice sleep medicine. The objectives of this study were to quantify the number of physicians practicing sleep medicine and to describe their demographic and clinical practice.

METHODS: We conducted a population based study using linked health administrative data in Ontario, Canada between 2006 and 2013. Sleep physicians were determined to be active if they initiated more than one patient on continuous positive airway pressure in a given year. For each year, we determined the profiles of physicians practicing sleep medicine, including demographics, their primary specialty, and clinical practice characteristics.

RESULTS: The number of active sleep physicians in Ontario increased from 133 to 190 or 1.3 to 1.8/100 000 Ontario residents over the study period. Respirology (53%–58%) was the predominant specialty, followed by psychiatry (13%–16%). Sleep physicians were mostly male (75%–84%), with a mean age ranging from 50 to 51 years. Over the years, an increasing proportion completed their undergraduate medical school training outside of Canada (27%–31%). Of their total volume of consultations, 31%–36% were sleep related.

CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of physicians practicing sleep medicine is steadily increasing, most devote less than a third of their time to sleep disorders. These findings should be considered when designing provincial and national strategies to increase the capacity of sleep medicine in order to meet the increasing demand.

RÉSUMÉ

CONTEXTE: La prévalence des troubles du sommeil, comme l’apnée obstructive du sommeil, est en augmentation partout dans le monde. Au Canada, la médecine du sommeil n’est pas reconnue comme une discipline distincte, et il existe peu de données au sujet de ceux qui la pratiquent. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de quantifier le nombre de médecins qui pratiquent la médecine du sommeil et de décrire leur pratique sur le plan clinique et démographique.

MÉTHODES: Nous avons mené une étude populationnelle en utilisant des données administratives liées à la santé en Ontario, Canada, entre 2006 et 2013. Les médecins du sommeil étaient considérés actifs si au moins un de leurs patients avait débuté la ventilation à pression positive continue au cours d’une année donnée. Pour chaque année, nous avons déterminé les profils des médecins pratiquant la médecine du sommeil, y compris les aspects démographiques, leur spécialité principale et les caractéristiques de leur pratique clinique.

RÉSULTATS: Le nombre de médecins du sommeil actifs en Ontario a augmenté de 133 à 190 ou de 1,3 à 1,8/100 000 résidents de l’Ontario au cours de la période à l’étude. La pneumologie (53 % - 58 %) était la spécialité prédominante, suivie de la psychiatrie (13 % - 16 %). Les médecins du sommeil étaient surtout des hommes (75 % - 84 %), dont l’âge moyen se situait entre 50 et 51 ans. Au fil du temps, une proportion de plus en plus grande avait fait leur formation médicale de premier cycle à l’extérieur du Canada (27 % - 31 %). Sur le volume total de leurs consultations, de 31 % à 36 % étaient liées au sommeil.

CONCLUSIONS: Bien que le nombre de médecins qui pratiquent la médecine du sommeil augmente de manière constante, la majorité d’entre eux consacrent moins du tiers de leur temps aux troubles du sommeil. Ces résultats devraient être tenus en compte lors de la conception des stratégies provinciales et nationales pour augmenter la capacité de la médecine du sommeil à répondre à la demande croissante.

Acknowledgments

Thank you to Pat Hanly and Tetyana Kendzerska for feedback on the concept for this study.

Disclosure statement

Parts of this material are based on data and information compiled and provided by CIHI. However, the analyses, conclusions, opinions and statements expressed herein are those of the author, and not necessarily those of CIHI.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) Western site. ICES is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). Core funding for ICES Western is provided by the Academic Medical Organization of Southwestern Ontario (AMOSO), the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (SSMD), Western University, and the Lawson Health Research Institute (LHRI). The opinions, results and conclusions are those of the authors and are independent from the funding sources. No endorsement by ICES, AMOSO, SSMD, LHRI or the MOHLTC is intended or should be inferred. Dr. Povitz received salary support from the Academic Medical Organization of South Western Ontario Opportunities fund project number S16-004.

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