2. The transition to connected and autonomous vehicles

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Notes

¹ See https://www.tomorrowsworldtoday.com/2021/08/09/history-of-autonomous-cars/.

² See https://www.darpa.mil/about-us/timeline/-grand-challenge-for-autonomous-vehicles/.

³ Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (2019) Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 2019 Report: Winning the Global Race to Market. http://www.regulation.org.uk/library/2019-SMMT-Connected_and_autonomous_vehicles.pdf/.

⁴ Cugurullo F, Acheampong A, Gueriau M and Dusparic I (2020) The transition to autonomous cars, the redesign of cities and the future of urban sustainability. Urban Geography, 42(6): 833–859. doi:10.1080/02723638.2020.1746096; Milakis D, van Arem B and van Wee B (2017) Policy and society related implications of automated driving: A review of literature and directions for future research. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 21(4): 324–348. doi:10.1080/15472450.2017.1291351.

⁵ KPMG (2020) 2020 Autonomous Vehicles Readiness Index. https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/07/2020-autonomous-vehicles-readiness-index.pdf/.

⁶ Freemark Y, Hudson A and Zhao J (2020) Policies for autonomy: How American cities envision regulating automated vehicles. Urban Science, 4(4): 55. doi:10.3390/urbansci4040055.

⁷ Freemark Y, Hudson A and Zhao J (2019) Are cities prepared for autonomous vehicles? Journal of the American Planning Association, 85(2): 133–151. doi:10.1080/01944363.2019.1603760.

⁸ Liu Y, Tight M, Sun Q and Kang R (2019) A systematic review: Road infrastructure requirement for connected and autonomous vehicles. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1187(4). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1187/4/042073.

⁹ Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) (2018) Inequality in Asia and the Pacific in the era of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. ESCAP.

¹⁰ Pojani D and Stead D (2018) Policy design for sustainable urban transport in the global south. Policy Design and Practice, 1: 90–102. doi:10.1080/25741292.2018.1454291.