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Developmental Neuropsychology Volume 45, 2020 - Issue 4: Spanish-Speaking Pediatric Neuropsychology: Recent Research and New Frontiers
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Research Article

Prevalence of Low Scores on Executive Functions Tests in a Spanish-Speaking Pediatric Population from 10 Latin American Countries and Spain

Itziar Benito-Sáncheza Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain;b Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, SpainORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1392-7449View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Isabel Gonzalezc Instructor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USAView further author information
,
Rafael E. Oliveras-Rentasd School of Behavioral & Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto RicoView further author information
,
Rosario Ferrer-Cascalese Department of Health Psychology, University of Alicante, Alicante, SpainORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-7454View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Ivonne Romero-Garcíaf Clinical Psychology Doctoral Program, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, San Germán, Puerto RicoView further author information
,
Juan Carlos Restrepo Boterog Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Tecnológico de Antioquia - Institución Universitaria, Medellín, ColombiaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0879-1148View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Ivan Darío Delgado-Mejíah Departamento de Neuropsicología, Universidad Autónoma de Asunción, Asunción, ParaguayORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-4588View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Esperanza Vergara-Moraguesi Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, SpainORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2669-631XView further author information
ORCID Icon,
Diego Riveraj Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, SpainORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7477-1893View further author information
ORCID Icon &
Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprillaa Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain;k IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain;l Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, SpainCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7184-8311View further author information
ORCID Icon show all
Pages 200-210 | Received 29 Jul 2019, Accepted 29 Oct 2019, Published online: 30 Dec 2019
 
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ABSTRACT

Pediatric neuropsychologists and researchers commonly interpret a low score as a cognitive weakness. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of low scores for three neuropsychological tests used to evaluate executive function in 4,595 healthy children from Latin-America and Spain. Results showed that low scores are common when multiple neuropsychological outcomes are evaluated in healthy individuals. Clinicians should consider the higher probability of low scores in a given individual when evaluating executive functions using various sets of scores to reduce false-positive diagnoses of cognitive deficits in a child.

Disclosure Statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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