A Biological Role of Lutein

Abstract

Lutein, a non-provitamin A carotenoid, is found in dark green, leafy vegetables. Lutein, being fat soluble, follows the same intestinal absorption path as dietary fat and is affected by the same factors that influence fat absorption. Unlike β-carotene, another major carotenoid in diet and tissue, the bioavailability of lutein appears to be less influenced by food processing. Lutein has been strongly implicated as being protective against eye diseases, age-related macular degeneration, and cataracts. In the eye, lutein may act as a blue light filter to protect the underlying tissues from phototoxic damage. The mechanism by which lutein is involved in the prevention of eye diseases may also involve its role as an antioxidant. Dietary surveys indicate that average intakes of lutein in the United States may be below levels that are associated with disease prevention. Therefore, increased intakes of food sources rich in lutein may be warranted.

Keywords:

• Lutein
• Zeaxanthin
• Carotenoids
• β-Carotene
• Spinach
• Age-related macular degeneration

Acknowledgment

Supported by USDA 581950-9-001. Any opinion, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.