The Effects of Plasticizers and Titanium Dioxide on the Properties of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Coatings

Abstract

Poly(vinyl alcohol) has not previously been examined in much detail as a controlled release polymer for use in pharmaceutical formulations. However, this food grade polymer has barrier and tensile properties which make it attractive for such applications. The effects of several diluents and fillers on Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) coatings have been determined using both mechanical property and water vapor permeability measurements. It has been found that the alcohol ethoxylate Neodol 23-6.5 (CH₃(CH₂)₁₁–O(CH₂–CH₂–O)₆–H) acts as a plasticizer for PVAL only up to 15–20 wt% in contrast to 600 molecular weight Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 600), which continuously plasticizes PVAL. The effects of Neodol on PVAL mechanical properties and water vapor permeability at higher concentrations can be explained in terms of Neodol phase separation and has been confirmed with DSC. The inert filler and whitener titanium dioxide (TiO₂) monotonically degrades film mechanical properties and increases water vapor permeability of the coating. Attempts to correlate coating dust generated during particle attrition tests with mechanical property measurements were unsuccessful. A correlation between accelerated granule stability and water vapor permeability of the PVAL coating was established.