SALINITY-HEAVY METAL INTERACTIONS IN FOUR SALT-TOLERANT PLANT SPECIES

Abstract

The concurrent effect of NaCl salinity and heavy metals [cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni)] on growth, sodium (Na), and heavy metal accumulation was assessed in four salt tolerant plant species. These were: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), Inula crithmoides L., and Plantago coronopus L., all of which have documented potential for use in saline agriculture. Plants were grown in perlite and irrigated with salinized and non-salinized nutrient solutions (9 dS m⁻¹ and 18 dS m⁻¹) containing 2 ppm Cd, 4 ppm Cr, 10 ppm Ni, and a non-metal control. Salinity, Cd, and Ni caused a significant decrease in the dry biomass accumulation of P. oleracea, but had no effects on other plant species. Sodium accumulation was highest in P. coronopus and I. crithmoides, indicating pronounced halophytic properties. The presence of heavy metals reduced Na accumulation in H. vulgare and P. oleracea, but had no effect on P. coronopus and I. crithmoides, indicating that the Na-heavy metal interaction is plant-specific. Metal accumulation in the four plant species was generally enhanced by the 9 dS m⁻¹ treatment, but not by the 18 dS m⁻¹ treatment. This could indicate the presence of an ionic exclusion mechanism operating at high salinity levels that would operate indiscriminately on Na as well as on Cd, Cr, and Ni

Keywords:

• Halophytes
• Hordeum vulgare L.
• Portulaca oleracea L.
• Inula crithmoides L.
• Plantago coronopus L.
• Cd
• Cr
• Ni

Acknowledgments