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Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to examine the effect of sprays with titanium (Ti) on growth and nutrition of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees in nursery. The study was carried out in 2000 on “Jonagold”, “Elstar”, and “Szampion” cultivars budded on M.9 EMLA or M.26 EMLA (Malus sp.) rootstocks. Maiden trees were sprayed six times with TiCl4 or Titanit material (Ti-ascorbate) at rates of 1 and 2 g Ti ha−1 spray−1, respectively. Plants sprayed with water served as the control. The results showed that sprays with TiCl4 had no effect on vigor of maiden trees, development of root system, nutritional status, or level of Ti in leaves. Regardless of the rootstock used, sprays with Titanit material improved vigor, nutritional status, and level of Ti in leaves of “Jonagold” and “Elstar” maiden trees. “Szampion” one-year-old trees having high concentrations of microelements in leaves did not respond to Titanit sprays. These results suggest that under conditions of limited uptake of micronutrients such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) by plants, sprays with Titanit material can be beneficial in improving vigor of maiden apple trees.