![Sample our Humanities journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5939/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Humanities.jpg"})
Abstract
Yenikapı 14 (YK 14) is one of 37 shipwrecks discovered by the Istanbul Archaeological Museums during the Marmaray Project excavations in Istanbul's Yenikapı neighbourhood, the site of Constantinople's Theodosian Harbour. Dated to the 9th century AD, YK 14 is one of a group of Yenikapı round ships constructed using similar methods: it was a flat‐floored, shallow‐draught vessel built primarily of oak using a distinctive combination of shell‐ and skeleton‐based construction methods. Regularly spaced pegs called coaks were used to assemble the hull planking edge‐to‐edge from the keel to the first wale, above which planks were fastened exclusively to frames.
抽象
耶尼卡皮14号沉船 (YK14) 的船体结构——土耳其伊斯坦布尔的君士坦丁堡狄奥多西港遗址出土的拜占庭中期沉船
耶尼卡皮14号 (YK14) 为君士坦丁堡狄奥多西港遗址出土的37艘沉船-一。伊斯坦布尔考古博物馆-马摩拉计划进行发掘时在伊斯坦布尔耶尼卡皮附近发现了-遗址中的沉船。YK14年代在公元9世纪, 是耶尼卡皮圆形船的一员。这些船-使用相似的方法建造:耶尼卡皮船平底吃水浅, 主-以橡树制造, 采用了独特的船壳法与骨架法相结合的建造方法。从-骨到第一舷板之间的船壳板规律地使用一种拼缝木钉以平接的方式相连, 而其上船板则仅固定于-骨上。
耶尼卡皮14號沉船 (YK14) 的船體結構——土耳其伊斯坦布爾的君士坦丁堡狄奧多西港遺址出土的拜占庭中期沉船
耶尼卡皮14號 (YK14) 爲君士坦丁堡狄奧多西港遺址出土的37艘沉船-一。伊斯坦布爾考古博物館爲馬摩拉計劃進行發掘時在伊斯坦布爾耶尼卡皮附近發現了-遺址中的沉船。YK14年代在公元9世紀, 是耶尼卡皮圓形船的一員。這些船-使用相似的方法建造:耶尼卡皮船平底吃水淺, 主-以橡樹制造, 采用了獨特的船殼法與骨架法相結合的建造方法。從龍骨到第一舷板之間的船殼板規律地使用一種拼縫木釘以平接的方式相連, 而其上船板則僅固定于-骨上。
Abstracto
La construcción del casco de Yenikapı 14 (YK 14), un naufragio del Bizantino Medio en el Puerto de Teodosio en Constantinopla, Estambul, Turquía
Yenikapı 14 (YK 14) es uno de 37 naufragios descubiertos por los Museos Arqueológicos de Estambul durante las excavaciones del Proyecto Marmaray en el barrio Yenikapı de Estambul, el sitio del Puerto de Teodosio en Constantinopla. Datado del siglo IX d.C., el pecio YK14 es el remanente de una en un grupo de naves redondas Yenikapı construidas empleando métodos similares: era una embarcación de fondo plano y poco calado, construida principalmente de roble y empleando una combinación de casco previo y esqueleto previo. Desde la quilla hasta la primera cinta, las tracas del casco fueron ensambladas a tope usando clavijas, llamadas coaks, espaciadas regularmente. De la primera cinta hacia arriba, las tracas sólo están sujetas a las cuadernas.
Traducción: Ricardo Borrero (with thanks to the Honor Frost Foundation)
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank Cemal Pulak for the opportunity to research the Yenikapı 14 shipwreck. The INA Yenikapı Project team is most thankful to the current Director of the İstanbul Archaeological Museums, Zeynep Kızıltan, former Director İsmail Karamut, and Assistant Directors Rahmi Asal and Gülbahar Baran Çelik for the invitation to participate in the Marmaray Project and for their continued support of the INA's Yenikapı shipwreck research. Funding for the post‐excavation analysis of YK 14 was provided by the Institute of Nautical Archaeology, the American Philosophical Society, Texas A&M University, and the Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations at Koç University. Korhan and Murat Bircan, Sırrı Çölmekçi, Sadık Demir, Tuba Ekmekci and the INA Bodrum Research Center staff, Rebecca Ingram, Ilkay Ivgin, Orkan Köyağasıoğlu, Sheila Matthews, Asaf Oron, and Mehmet Ali Polat made valuable contributions towards the completion of this research. Comments by Frederick Hocker and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved the final version of this article.
Notes
1. AMS radiocarbon dates of timbers from YK 14 were provided by Dr Alexander Cherkinsky at the Center for Applied Isotope Studies at the University of Georgia. Results for samples YK 14‐1 through YK 14‐4 were previously published in Pulak et al., Citation2015. All dates are calculated using the IntCal09 calibration curve.
2. Because the southern end of the shipwreck was initially identified as the bow during the excavation, the starboard side hull planks were labelled as ‘PS’ planks, while the port side planks were labelled as ‘SS’ planks.
3. This report follows Steffy's definition of the terms ‘coak’ and ‘dowel’ (1994: 269–270). This definition covers both the alignment and (potential) strengthening function of these elements. Other researchers prefer the term dowel for similar planking edge fasteners or planking alignment elements (Harpster, Citation2005b; Kocabaş, Citation2008; Pomey et al., Citation2012; F. Hocker, personal comm., January 2017). The hull elements called coaks here are often, but not always, cylindrical (examples with rectangular cross sections as well as tapered examples were documented), and I suspect that they served a secondary hull‐strengthening function (see Conclusion section).
4. FL 44 was dubbed on all faces, while FL 45 forward and aft faces exhibited saw marks.
5. This calculation is based on the Trapezoidal Rule cited in Steffy (Citation1994: 252) and using cross‐sectional areas measured at station lines in the hull using the Rhinoceros 4 program.