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Articles

The Depositional Contexts of the Ships from Thonis‐Heracleion, Egypt

Pages 325-336 | Received 25 Jun 2018, Accepted 25 Jun 2018, Published online: 15 Apr 2021
 

Abstract

Over 70 ancient vessels have been discovered by the Institut Européen d'Archéologie Sous‐Marine in the port‐city of Thonis‐Heracleion, Egypt. These were deposited both individually and in groups from the 8th to the 2nd century BC. This paper investigates the contexts of these vessels to suggest that a variety of explanations—shipwrecking, ritual deposition, abandonment, and structural reuse—account for their deposition. It also seeks to place these events within the changing landscape of Thonis‐Heracleion to understand the agency behind many of the decisions about what to do with old ships and boats at the end of their use‐life.

Abstracto

The Depositional Contexts of the Ships from Thonis‐Heracleion, Egypt

Mas de setenta embarcaciones antiguas han sido descubirtas por el Instituto Europeo de Arqueología Submarina (Institut Européen d'Archéologie Sous‐Marine) en la ciudad portuaria de Thonis‐Heracleion, Egipto. Estas estaban depos itadas individualmente y también en grupos de los siglos VIII al II a.C. Este articulo investiga el contexto de estas embarcaciones y sugiere que una variedad de explicaciones – naufragio, deposición ritual, abandono y reutilización estructural – dan cuenta de su disposición. También se busca situar estos eventos en el marco del paisaje cambiante de Thonis‐Heracleion, para comprender la agencia tras las muchas decisiones acerca de que hacer con las embarcaciones mayores y menores viejas al final de su vida útil.

Palabras calve: Arqueología Marítima, naufragio, abandono de embarcaciones, puerto, Periodo Ptolemaico Tardío, Egipto

摘要

埃及索尼斯‐希拉克莱奥的船舶沉积环境

欧洲水下考古研究所在埃及港口城市索尼斯‐希拉克莱奥 (Thonis‐Heracleion) 港口城市发现了70多艘古船。这些公元前8世纪到公元前2世纪的船只或单独存在或成群堆积。本文通-考察这-船只的背景, 尝试-不同的解释——船舶失事-仪式沉积、废弃和重构——说明它们的沉积原因。我们-试图将这些-件置于索尼斯‐希拉克莱奥不断变化的景观环境中, 以便理解在其使用寿命将尽时如何处理这-老旧船舶的许多决定背后的人为意志。

关键词: 海洋考古学, 沉船, 船舶废弃, 港口, 埃及托勒密王朝晚期

埃及索尼斯‐希拉克萊奧的船舶沉積環境

歐洲水下考古研究所在埃及港口城市索尼斯‐希拉克萊奧 (Thonis‐Heracleion) 港口城市發現了70多艘古船。這些公元前8世紀到公元前2世紀的船只或單獨存在或成群堆積。本文通-考察這-船只的背景, 嘗試-不同的解釋——船舶失事、儀式沉積、廢棄和重構——說明它們的沉積原因。我們-試圖將這些-件置于索尼斯‐希拉克萊奧不斷變化的景觀環境中, 以便理解在其使用壽命將盡時如何處理這些老舊-舶的許多決定背後的人爲意志。

關-詞: 海洋考古學, 沉船, 船舶廢棄, 港口, 埃及托勒密王朝晚期

ملخص

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Franck Goddio and my colleagues from the Institut Européen d'Archéologie Sous‐Marine Alexander Belov, David Fabre, and Catherine Grataloup, the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities, especially Mohamed Abd El‐Maguid and Ehab Famy, and David Blackman, Linda Hulin and Carlos Cabrera Tejedor of the University of Oxford.

The Oxford Centre for Maritime Archaeology is supported by the Hilti Foundation and it is a pleasure to thank Christine Rhomberg, Georg Rosenbauer and Hans Saxer. The Honor Frost Foundation and the Thomas Whitcombe Green Fund of the Faculty of Classics, University of Oxford have supported the excavation of ship 43.

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