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Original Article

Bi‐ocularity, the functioning mind of the psychoanalyst

Pages 25-40 | Accepted 24 Sep 2015, Published online: 31 Dec 2017
 

Translations of summary

With the use of clinical material the author discusses the importance of a ‘bi‐ocular’ mode of attentiveness, one pole of which rests on the psychic process of reverie and the other on ‘analysing’. This is necessary to foster the development of a psychic space in which experiences which were ‘in the shadow’ or unrepresented, can come to the fore and be given shape first pictorially and later ideationally. This requires staying with and fostering the ambiguity of the different times and spaces without collapsing them into the clear, logical and explanatory. It requires the psychoanalyst to make space for that which is ‘other’, other than just apparently here and now, and other than just ‘you and me’, while maintaining the analytic ‘fire’ in a situation in which there is ‘no model in real life’, a place maximally geared to that which is not apparent.

Bi‐ocularité, une disposition psychique nécessaire de l'analyste

A l'aide de matériel clinique, l'auteure de cet article discute de l'importance d'un mode d'attention dit « bi‐oculaire », dont l'un des pôles est à situer du côté du processus psychique de la reverie, tandis que l'autre réside dans le processus d’ «analyse ». Ce type d'attention est nécessaire pour favoriser le développement d'un espace psychique, permettant aux expériences qui étaient demeurées « dans l'ombre » ou sans représentation d'apparaître au grand jour sous forme d'images d'abord, d'idéation ensuite. A cette fin, il nous faut pouvoir soutenir et entretenir l'ambiguïté entre les différents régimes spatio‐temporels sans les télescoper en les réduisant à une logique claire et explicative. Pour cela, le psychanalyste doit laisser la place à ce qui est « autre », au‐delà de ce qui apparaît simplement dans l'ici et maintenant et au‐delà de ce qui est simplement « vous et moi », tout en entretenant le « feu » analytique d'une situation qui n'a pas de « modèle équivalent dans la vie réelle», un lieu orienté essentiellement vers ce qui n'est pas apparent.

Binokularität, die arbeitende psyche des analytikers

Anhand von klinischem Material diskutiert die Autorin die Bedeutsamkeit eines „binokularen“ Aufmerksamkeitsmodus. Einer seiner Pole beruht auf dem psychischen Prozess der Reverie, der zweite auf dem „Analysieren“. Er ist notwendig, um die Entwicklung eines psychischen Raumes zu fördern, in dem Erfahrungen, die „im Schatten“ blieben oder unrepräsentiert waren, in den Vordergrund treten und zuerst eine bildhafte und später eine ideationale/bewusst gedachte Gestalt annehmen zu können. Dies setzt voraus, dass der Analytiker auf die Ambiguität der verschiedenen Zeiten und Räume konzentriert bleibt und sie ausbaut, statt sie zu etwas Klarem, Logischem und Erklärendem zu verflachen. Es setzt voraus, dass der Analytiker Raum für „Anderes“ lässt, das sich von dem offensichtlichen Hier und Jetzt, aber auch von dem offensichtlichen „du und ich“ unterscheidet. Gleichzeitig gilt es, das analytische „Feuer“ in einer Situation in Gang zu halten, für die es „kein Modell im realen Leben“ gibt, ein Ort, der in höchsten Maß auf das ausgerichtet ist, was nicht offensichtlich ist.

Assetto bi‐oculare, necessario al funzionamento mentale dell'analista

Illustrando la sua proposta teorica con materiale clinico, l'autrice parla dell'importanza della modalità bi‐oculare di ascolto, con l'attenzione ferma sul processo di reverie da un lato e sulla funzione analizzante, dall'altro. Questa modalità è tesa a favorire lo sviluppo di uno spazio psichico nel quale vissuti che erano ‘nell'ombra’ o non rappresentati, possono occupare una posizione di primo piano perché vi si dia una forma, dapprima pittografica e successivamente ideativa. Perché questo sia possibile, è necessario tollerare e promuovere l'ambiguità delle differenti dimensioni spazio‐temporali senza collassarle nella logica chiara ed esplicativa. All'analista viene richiesto di dare spazio a ciò che è ‘altro’, altro da ciò che è all'apparenza nell'hic et nunc, nonché da quello che appare come ‘tu ed io’, mantenendo, al contempo, il ‘fuoco’ analitico in una situazione di cui non c’è ‘alcun modello nella vita reale’, un luogo sommamente diretto a individuare ciò che non è apparente.

Bi‐ocularidad ; el funcionamiento mental del analista’

A partir de material clínico, la autora analiza la importancia de una modalidad “bi‐ocular” de atención. Uno de sus polos se apoya en el proceso psíquico de reverie, y el otro en la funcion analitica (o ‘el analizar’). Dicha bi‐ocularidad es necesaria parapromover el desarrollo de un espacio psíquico en el cual las experiencias que estaban‘en la sombra’ o sin representar puedan pasar a un primer plano y adquirir forma, primero de manera pictórica y luego ideacional. Para que ello suceda, el o la analista debe tolerar y promover la ambigüedad de los distintos tiempos y espacios en lugar de transformarla o colapsarla en una logica clara y explicativa . El analista debe hacer lugar a lo “otro” – lo que es diferente del aparente aquí y ahora, del “tú y yo” – y, a la vez, mantener el ‘fuego’ analítico en una situación en la que no existe un “modeloequivalente en la vida real”, un lugar orientado esencialmente hacia lo que no es aparente.

1. An earlier version of the paper was presented at the English Speaking conference in London, 2014, ‘Here and Now, There and Then’.

1. An earlier version of the paper was presented at the English Speaking conference in London, 2014, ‘Here and Now, There and Then’.

Notes

1. An earlier version of the paper was presented at the English Speaking conference in London, 2014, ‘Here and Now, There and Then’.

2. Bion also utilizes ‘binocular’ in related meanings such as: “those two people [analyst and analysand] are required to produce a binocular vision, a binocular observation” in The complete works of W.R. Bion, Vol. XV, p. 54 (unpublished works, 1977); or when he discusses the psychoanalytic approach through the individual and through the group and writes that “the two methods provide the practitioner with a rudimentary binocular vision” (1961, p. 8). Bion also discusses the need to blind ourselves to what we know so that our intuition can “have a chance of seeing something” & We need a kind of mental binocular vision – one eye blind, the other eye with good enough sight” (p. 101 Collected Works, 1974, The Brazilian Lectures).

3. Scarfone refers to this a‐temporal present as impassé (2014, pp. 197–9), a neologism combining the idea that it is not ‘the past’ as it is active in an atemporal way, and that is can't become past.

4. “Malheur aux faiseurs de traductions littérales, qui en traduisant chaque parole énervent le sens! C'est bien là qu'on peut dire que la lettre tue, et que l'esprit vivifie.” Voltaire (Citation1759), XVIII, Citations de François Marie Arouet, dit Voltaire, Références de François Marie Arouet, dit Voltaire.

5. Vermote (in preparation) picks this out as one of Bion's earliest definitions of containment.

6. In music ‘polytemporal’ refers to different tempi occurring simultaneously which is a slightly different idea although the notion of different ‘tempos’ intermingling in a session and in an analysis, is also fruitful, and can be related to what I call ‘reverberation time’ as one of the tempos.

7. Also Hock (Citation2014) points out that even in Freud's early work there is no real division between construction and reconstruction.

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