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Notes
1>Without any further information, I have had to calculate the achievement gaps using percentage figures. Thus, for example, in terms of those achieving five or more good GCSE grades in 1993/94 it is: (47.8 – 39.1)*100/(47.8 + 39.1) = 10.0%. This takes no account of any possible entry gap and assumes the overall numbers of boys and girls taking the examination are the same. The achievement gap figure will clearly change if one of both of these factors change. However, this does not effect the substantive point made here regarding how the achievement gap produces contradictory results remains the same.