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Abstract
The present study examined the effects of in vitro challenge with an acrylic bone cement CMW1 on the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The extracts in cell culture medium of the cements were tested, after 1 h and 7-day curing. Some cultures were also stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). The expression of mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR with specific primers. The release of TGF-β1 into the conditioned medium was evaluated by enzyme immunoassay. TGF-β1 mRNA was constitutively expressed by endothelial cells in the culture medium after 24 h. The incubation with the extracts of CMW 1, cured both for 1 h and 7 days, induced changes neither in mRNA expression, nor in the release of TGF-β1 into the conditioned medium, compared to the unstimulated cells. Even stimulation with ATRA, alone or added to the extracts at both curing times, affected neither mRNA expression nor TGF-β1 release, compared to the cells incubated with the cement alone or with the unstimulated cultures. The mRNA expression and the release were not changed by the stimulation with IL-1β alone or added to the extract cured for 1 h. A significant decrease compared to the unstimulated cells was observed after the addition of IL-1β to the extract cured for 7 days. It was concluded that CMW 1 extract did not significantly modify TGF-β1 expression after 1-h curing, or after 7-day curing. Incubation with CMW1 added with ATRA did not produce any changes in TGF-β1 synthesis. Incubation with cement extract after 7-day curing added with IL-β1 produced a significant reduction in TGF-β1 release.