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Prospectives / Prospectivas

The child as anthropologist

El niño como antropólogo

Pages 259-277 | Received 23 Mar 2012, Accepted 10 Apr 2012, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

Accounts of cognitive development have often portrayed children as independent scientists who gather first-hand data and form theories about the natural world. I argue that this metaphor is inappropriate for children's cultural learning. In that domain, children are better seen as anthropologists who attend to, engage with, and learn from members of their culture. I describe several strategies that children use for such cultural learning. They trust in other people's testimony concerning invisible phenomena; they repeatedly question their caregivers; they defer to others people's demonstrations and claims; and they select informants who are likely to be reliable representatives of their culture.

Resumen

Las explicaciones del desarrollo cognitivo han descrito generalmente al niño como un científico independiente, quien recoge datos de primera mano y forma teorías sobre el mundo natural. Yo argumento que esta metáfora es inapropiada para dar cuenta del aprendizaje cultural de los niños. En dicho dominio, los niños actúan más bien como antropólogos que atienden a, colaboran con, y aprenden de los miembros de su cultura. Describo varias estrategias que los niños usan para dicho aprendizaje cultural. Los niños creen en el testimonio de otras personas respecto a fenómenos invisibles; formulan repetidamente preguntas a sus cuidadores; reconocen las demostraciones e ideas de otras personas; y seleccionan a informantes que parecen ser representantes fiables de su cultura.

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