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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 20, 1999 - Issue 63-64
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Original Articles

Relación entre “despersonalización” (burnout), trastornos psicofisiológicos, clima laboral y tácticas de afrontamiento en una muestra de docents

Relationship among “despersonalitation” (burnout), psychophysiological diseases, working enviroment and coping skills in a sample of teachers

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Pages 87-107 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

El artículo presenta una valoración de la dimensión “despersonalización” de la Escala M.B.I. de Maslach y Jackson (1981), relacionando el burnout con estrategias de afrontamiento asumidas para reducir el estrés, desórdenes psicofisiológicos asociados al síndrome, y percepción del clima laboral.

La muestra está constituida por 191 profesores de Enseñanza Secundaria (F.P., B.U.P. y C.O.U.) de la ciudad y provincia de Salamanca.

Los resultados confirmaron la hipótesis de que los profesores manifiestan más frecuencia de despersonalización en Septiembre que en Junio. En cuanto a las variables asociadas que fueron evaluadas, se comprobó que esta fase del burnout, se manifiesta más mediante cambios cognitivos que a través de desórdenes psicofisiológicos, viéndose menos afectados los profesores (en esta fase del proceso) por las influencias del clima laboral percibido.

Finalmente, resaltar que fue significativo en el grupo de los docentes más frecuentemente Despersonalizados, el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento de carácter activo.

Abstract

This study presents an assessment of the “despersonalitation” dimension included in the M.B.I. Scale (Maslach & Jackson, 1981), relating Burnout with Coping Skills to reduce stress, asociated Psychophysiological Diseases, and perception of the Working Enviroment.

The sample comprised 191 Secondary School Teachers (F.P., B.U.P. y C.O.U.) from the City of Salamanca and its province.

The data confirmed our hypothesis that teachers showed more “despersonalization” at the beginning of the course than at the end of it. Regarding the assessed associated variables it was found that during this phase of the Burnout process subjects manifested more cognitives changes than psychophisiological diseases. Thus teachers were less influenced by the working enviroment as it was perceived by them.

Finally, it was observe that the group of teachers more frequently “despersonalized” adopted active coping skills.

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