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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 27, 2012 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Apoyo social en la adolescencia: adaptación y propiedades psicométricas del “Social Support Scale for Children” de Harter (1985)

Social support in adolescence: Adaptation and psychometric properties of the Social Support Scale for Children by Harter (1985)

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Pages 39-53 | Received 02 Jun 2009, Accepted 08 Feb 2011, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Este trabajo tuvo un doble objetivo, en primer lugar, la adaptación a población adolescente española de la Social Support Scale for Chidren (SSSC) de Harter (1985), y el estudio de sus propiedades psicométricas. Y en segundo lugar, estudiar el apoyo social percibido de los adolescentes, analizando las diferencias en función de la edad y el género. Se administró dicha escala a una muestra representativa de 648 adolescentes escolarizados entre 11 y 16 años del municipio de Elche (Medad = 13.38; DT = 1.70). Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio mostraron una solución de cuatro factores que se asemeja a la escala original. Las relaciones positivas y significativas que los cuatro factores presentaron con la escala de Autovalía Global aportaron evidencias de la validez externa del cuestionario. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de la adaptación española adoptó valores iguales o superiores a. 69. El apoyo social que los adolescentes percibían por parte de los padres disminuía con la edad en ambos géneros, mientras que aumentaba el apoyo percibid) del grupo de iguales, particularmente en el caso de las chicas de mayor edad (15 a 16 años).

Abstract

The purpose of the present paper is twofold: first, to adapt to the Spanish adolescent population the Social Support Scale for Children (SSSC: Harter, 1985) and to evaluate its psychometric properties; second, to study adolescents' perceived social support, analysing age and gender differences. The scale was administered to a representative sample of 648 adolescent students, aged 11 to 16 years, attending school in Elche (Spain) (Mage = 13.38; SD = 1.70). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor model provided the best fit for the data, similar to the original scale. The positive and significant relationships that the four factors showed with the Global Self-Worth Scale provided evidence of the external validity of the questionnaire. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the scale's adaptation to the Spanish population was greater than or equal to.69. Perceived parents' social support decreased with age in both genders, while perceived peer group support increased, especially in the case of the older girls (15 to 16 years).

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