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Ñawpa Pacha
Journal of the Institute of Andean Studies
Volume 33, 2013 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

The use and re-use of ceremonial space at Taraco, Peru: 2012 excavations in the San Taraco sector

Pages 215-226 | Published online: 18 Nov 2013
 

Abstract

Recent survey and excavation have indicated that the archaeological site of Taraco became a major regional center in the northern Titicaca Basin over the course of the Formative Period, one that rivaled the size of Pukara at its peak. From our three seasons (2004, 2006, and 2007) of fieldwork at the site, it was determined that the architectural center of the area was most likely located in the area of the church, which is situated in the highest part of the eponymous modern town. In 2012, we returned to Taraco to test this hypothesis and investigate the development of non-domestic, corporate architecture during the Middle (c. 1,300–500 B.C.) and early Upper (c. 500 B.C.–A.D. 400) Formative periods. Specifically, this work aimed to assess the degree to which the political and economic success of Taraco during the Formative Period could be linked with the intensification of ceremonial activities, or with transformations in their forms and organization. Results indicated a long tradition of ceremonial and other non-domestic activities that persisted for millennia, despite numerous social, political, and cultural transformations.

Excavaciones y prospecciones recientes han demostrado que el sitio arqueológico de Taraco se desarrolló como un centro regional en la cuenca norte del Titicaca durante la época Formativa; un sitio que rivalizaba el sitio de Pukara en su apogeo. Después de tres temporadas de trabajo de campo en el sitio (2004, 2006, y 2007), se determinó que el centro arquitectónico de la zona fue muy probablemente situado en la zona de la iglesia moderna, que se encuentra en la parte más alta de la ciudad moderna del mismo nombre. En 2012, volvimos a Taraco para contrastar esta hipótesis e investigar el desarrollo de la arquitectura corporativa en este lugar durante el Formativo Medio (aproximadamente 1300–500 a.C.) y el Formativo Tardío (aproximadamente. 500 a.C. a 400 d.C.). Específicamente, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar si el éxito político y económico de Taraco podría estar relacionado con la intensificación de las actividades ceremoniales, transformaciones en sus formas y organización. Los resultados indican una larga tradición de ceremonias y otras actividades especiales que continuaron por milenios, a pesar de numerosas transformaciones sociales, políticas y económicas.

Acknowledgments

Many thanks to Charles Stanish and the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology for their support of this research, the Peruvian Ministry of Culture, and the Municipality of Taraco. Many thanks to Cecilia Chávez, Danielle Kurin, Manuel Gomez, Karl LaFavre, and all the members of Proyecto Taraco, Perú.

Notes

1 UCIAMS-118274; charcoal; 2710 ± 15; 845–790 cal B.C. (91.0 percent), 895–870 cal B.C. (4.4 per cent); OxCal v4.2.2 (ShCal04).

2 UCIAMS-118276; charcoal; 2700 ± 15; 840–785 cal B.C. (94.4 percent), 890–880 (1.0 percent); OxCal v4.2.2 (ShCal04).

3 UCIAMS-118271; charcoal; 2145 ± 15; 180–45 cal B.C. (95.4 percent); OxCal v4.2.2 (ShCal04).

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