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Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Volume 15, 2010 - Issue 8: Friction stir welding and processing

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Effect of microstructure on liquation cracking during AZ91 friction stir spot welding

S. HorieGraduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-HiroshimaHiroshima739-8527, Japan;, Email: [email protected]

K. ShinozakiGraduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-HiroshimaHiroshima739-8527, Japan

M. YamamotoGraduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-HiroshimaHiroshima739-8527, Japan

T. H. NorthDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College St., Rm. 140, Toronto, M5S3E4, Canada

A. GerlichChemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 708A Chemical Materials Eng., Edmonton, AB, T6G2G6, Canada

Pages 671-675 | Published online: 04 Dec 2013

Cite this article
https://doi.org/10.1179/136217110X12720264008439

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Abstract

Effect of microstructures on liquation cracking is investigated. Melted eutectic formation and cracking are observed in the stir zone region of friction stir spot welds made in squeeze cast and in incompletely solutionised AZ91 sections containing Mg₁₇Al₁₂ particles. Crack susceptibility in the stir zone region is dramatically decreased in AZ91 base material which has been forged and solution treated, and is completely free of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ particles. It is suggested that rapid heating during the tool penetration stage in friction stir spot welding creates undissolved Mg₁₇Al₁₂ particles, which facilitate eutectic melting when the temperature in the stir zone reaches 437°C, the (α-Mg+Mg₁₇Al₁₂) eutectic temperature in the binary Mg–Al equilibrium phase diagram.

Keywords:

FRICTION STIR SPOT WELDING
MG ALLOY
HOT CRACKING
BASE MATERIAL STRUCTURE

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