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Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology Volume 105, 2011 - Issue 2
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Review

Tick paralysis in Australia caused by Ixodes holocyclus Neumann

S Hall‐Mendelin School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, AustraliaCorrespondence[email protected]
,
S B CraigWHO/OIE/FAO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis Communicable Diseases Unit, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia; Faculty of ScienceHealth and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia
,
R A Hall School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
,
P O’Donoghue School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
,
R B Atwell School of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
,
S M TulsianiWHO/OIE/FAO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis Communicable Diseases Unit, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia
&
G C Graham Faculty of ScienceHealth and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia
 show all
Pages 95-106 | Received 19 Nov 2010, Accepted 25 Nov 2010, Published online: 22 Nov 2013
 
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Abstract

Ticks are obligate haematophagous ectoparasites of various animals, including humans, and are abundant in temperate and tropical zones around the world. They are the most important vectors for the pathogens causing disease in livestock and second only to mosquitoes as vectors of pathogens causing human disease. Ticks are formidable arachnids, capable of not only transmitting the pathogens involved in some infectious diseases but also of inducing allergies and causing toxicoses and paralysis, with possible fatal outcomes for the host. This review focuses on tick paralysis, the role of the Australian paralysis tick Ixodes holocyclus, and the role of toxin molecules from this species in causing paralysis in the host.

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