Comparison of yttrium coating and yttrium implantation effects on the high temperature oxidation resistance of type 304 steel by in situ X-ray diffraction

Abstract

The effects of two methods for the surface addition of yttrium on the oxidation behaviour of 304 stainless steel have been investigated. Isothermal oxidation tests were performed at 1000° C in air for 100 h. The results show that ion implantation and sol-gel coating have similar effects, reducing significantly the scale growth rate. In situ X-ray diffraction analyses clearly demonstrate that surface additions of yttrium allow the oxidation rate of type 304 stainless steel to be reduced by limiting the growth of non-adherent iron rich oxide. In situ analyses were also carried out during cooling in order to observe the structural evolution of oxides formed at high temperature.