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Abstract
Composites of hydroxyapatite (HA) with 5 wt-% Ti–Fe reinforcing particles were pressureless sintered in vacuum at a temperature range between 950 and 1100°C. It was found that although the decomposition of HA and interaction between HA and Ti occurred, the desirable Ti phase still remained in the composites sintered at all temperatures. The outer Ti shell thickness of the distinctive core–shell Ti–Fe particles was observed to become larger as the sintering temperature increased. It was also found that minor pores appearing near the interface were beneficial to obtain appropriate interfacial bonding between HA matrix and Ti–Fe particles. The composite sintered at 1050°C exhibited superior flexural strength, fracture toughness, and fatigue resistance owing to the remained Ti phase and dense microstructure as well as good interfacial bonding.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grant No. 51272039) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) in the form of international research collaboration. D. L. Chen is also grateful for the financial support by the Premier’s Research Excellence Award (PREA), NSERC-Discovery Accelerator Supplement (DAS) Award, Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and Ryerson Research Chair (RRC) program, J. L. Yang would like to thank the financial support by Innovation Method Special Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2011IM030800) and Q. Chang is also to acknowledge the financial support provided by China Scholarship Council, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. N090602001) and the Natural Science Foundation of North University of China.