Refined nickel anodes: pointers to industrial best practice

Abstract

Refined primary nickel in various forms of cut squares, circular and spherical shapes is used commercially in titanium anode baskets for anodes in electroplating and electroforming processes. Studies were conducted using test methods developed to determine performance characteristics under anodic dissolution in simulated production plant conditions. Efficiency of dissolution; power consumption; microsurface pitting; packing density and accumulation of insoluble residues were evaluated. The results provide guidance on the selection of primary nickel anode forms for use in titanium baskets enabling end users to adopt best practice for achieving cost savings in production by addressing the value of nickel inventory and application of working capital, consumption of electrical power and the optimum use of materials, labour and overheads. Reduction of waste in cleaning nickel anode baskets and bags can save nickel metal, salts and electrolyte additives, has consequent environmental benefits and ameliorates worker occupational health and safety (OH&S) risks. The results reported in this study are consistent with those observed over 6 years in many different nickel plating plants and applications.