Air conditioning design for cultural institutions in tropical climates

Abstract

Air conditioning is increasingly regarded as essential for the protection of cultural collections in tropical climates. However, experience in South-east Asia indicates that the practical outcome of applying air conditioning within a conservation environment is often the opposite of that desired. Poor climate control caused by the selection of inappropriate equipment may accelerate the deterioration of collections, while the effect of reducing humidity levels within historic buildings can also lead to structural damage. The present study seeks to establish a rational basis for the selection of indoor climates and air conditioning systems suitable for conservation applications in the tropics. Conventional air conditioning systems are assessed against these requirements and generally are found wanting. However, novel and cost-effective air conditioning systems are available that can maintain close control over both temperature and humidity while attaining near-optimal energy efficiency. These are discussed and are placed within the context of a comprehensive strategy for implementing a logical, reliable and cost-effective solution to the problem of maintaining indoor climate conditions which are suitable for the preservation of cultural collections in the tropics.

Keywords:

• Air conditioning
• Humid climates
• Libraries
• Museums
• South-east Asia