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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate for difference in the prevalence of mood disorders between patients with different painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD). After a sample size necessary for the study was calculated, 60 patients with a painful TMD were selected and divided into the following groups: myofascial pain (n=20), temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain (n=18), combined myofascial and TMJ pain (n=22). Two distinct comparison groups were selected: subjects with a non-painful TMD (n=25) and TMD-free subjects (n=29). All participants filled out a self-report validated instrument (MOODS-SR) to evaluate psychopathological symptoms related to mood disturbances. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons was performed to investigate for significant differences among the groups. The three groups of patients with painful TMD scored significantly higher than comparison groups in all MOODS-SR domains investigating depression, but no difference was shown between subjects with myofascial pain and those with TMJ pain. No significant differences among the groups emerged for the presence of manic symptoms, indicating that depressive disorders associated with TMD are not an expression of a more complex manic depressive illness. The study concluded that the presence of depressive symptoms in TMD patients seems to be related to the presence of a painful condition and seems to be unrelated to the location of pain. Furthermore, depressive disturbances in painful TMD patients affect the whole spectrum of depressive psychopathology.
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Notes on contributors
Daniele Manfredini
Dr. Daniele Manfredini received his degree in dentistry from the University of Pisa, Italy in 1999. He is currently a Clinical Fellow at the Section of Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pisa, Italy.
Adolfo Bandettini di Poggio
Dr. Adolfo Bandettini di Poggio received his M.D. degree from the University of Pisa, Italy in 1999. He received his specialty in psychiatry from the same university in 2003.
Mario Romagnoli
Dr. Mario Romagnoli received his M.D. degree from the University of Pisa, Italy in 1990. He received his specialty in dentistry from the same university in 1993. Currently, Dr. Romagnoli is a visiting professor at the Section of Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pisa, Italy.
Liliana Dell’Osso
Prof. Liliana Dell’Osso received her M.D. degree from the University of Pisa, Italy, in 1979 and her residency in nervous and mental diseases from the same university in 1984. Currently, Prof. Dell’Osso is a full professor in the Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology, University of Pisa, Italy.
Mario Bosco
Prof. Mario Bosco received his M.D. degree from the University of Torino, Italy in 1982. He received his specialty in dentistry from the University of Pavia, Italy in 1985. He was a full time researcher at the Section of Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Odontology, University of Pavia Italy, from 1991 to 1996. Since 1997, Prof. Bosco has been a professor of prosthetic dentistry in the Department of Neuroscience, University of Pisa, Italy.