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Abstract
Condylar hyperplasia is a rare disorder characterized by an increased volume of the condyle, ramus, and mandibular body leading to facial asymmetry. We present three cases of condylar hyperplasia: two women and one man, age range 27 to 34. Clinically, all three patients showed a deviation of the mandible to the opposite side and a protruded position of the chin, hypertrophy of the lower border of the mandible, combined with an elongation of the mandibular ramus, open-bite on the deformed side, and cross-bite on the opposite side. In all three cases, scintigraphy showed an increased uptake. Radiography and CT scanning confirmed the clinical diagnosis and patients were subjected to surgery, comprising high condylectomy on the affected side with access in the pre-tragus area. The surgical piece sent to the Institute of Pathological Anatomy for histological examination revealed a nonuniform picture, in terms of both the depth of cartilage islands and the thickness of the fibrous layer covering the joint surface. Common to all three cases, however, was the apparent evolution of fibrous tissue to cartilage, and of this to compact bone tissue. At two-four years, all cases have maintained a good occlusal response. The asymmetric deformity of the mandible resulting from the rare condition of hemimandibular hyperplasia is presented and the clinical, histopathological and therapeutic aspects discussed.
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Notes on contributors
Francesca Angiero
Dr. Francesca Angiero is currently a professor of pathological anatomy at the University of Milan Biccoca. She has an M.D. degree in medicine and surgery from the University of Milan. Dr. Angiero has been published many times in national and international publications. She also consults on diseases of the oral cavity (diagnosis and screening for early detection).
Giampietro Farronato
Dr. Farronato Giampietro has received M.D. and Ph.D. degrees and is a professor and chief of the Orthodontic Department at the University of Milan.
Stefano Benedicenti
Dr. Stefano Benedicenti has received a D.D.S. degree and is currently an assistant professor of restorative dentistry at the University of Genova, Italy. He is also clinical coordinator of the laser surgery and laser therapy center department at the University of Genova and clinical coordinator of the post graduate masters course in laser dentistry at the same university. Dr. Benedicenti has been published in national and international journals and has written three books.
Raffaele Vinci
Dr. Raffaele Vinci has received M.D. and D.D.S. degrees and is Head of the Advanced Oral Surgery Service, Department of Dentistry, Vita Salute University Milan, Italy.
Davide Farronato
Dr. Davide Farronato received a D.D.S. and has a Ph.D. in implant surgery and prosthesis from the Dental School of Milan. He is an active associate at the Italian Academy of Oral Surgery and Implantology (SICOI).
Sarah Magistro
Dr. Sarah Magistro has received a D.D.S. degree from the University of Milan School of Dentistry. Currently, she is attending the orthodontic school and the department at the dental clinic of Milan.
Michele Stefani
Dr. Michele Stefani has received an M.D. degree and is currently the director at the Institute of Pathologic Anatomy, Oral Pathology section in Milan, Italy.