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Original articles

Cultural Heritage, UNESCO, and the Chinese State

Whose Heritage and for Whom?

Pages 55-79 | Published online: 26 Jun 2014
 

Abstract

In the past two decades, the government of the People’s Republic of China has become a strong supporter of UNESCO material culture preservation efforts within China, including ethnic minority areas such as the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR). This article uses a range of materials including fieldwork findings, museum research, and anthropological studies of ethnicity and development in China to examine this shift in state policy from the “modernization” of minority peoples through state-directed development to cultural preservation. Major findings are that these policies serve development in a different way, by supporting political claims to regions such as Tibet through the promotion of historical and cultural ties between China and Tibet, and by fostering and encouraging a rapidly expanding domestic tourism industry in minority regions.

Abstract

Resumen Durante las últimas dos décadas el gobierno de la República Popular China ha brindado gran apoyo a los esfuerzos de UNESCO que intentan preservar la cultura china, especialmente aquélla de las minorías étnicas, tales como la Región Autónoma del Tíbet (RAT). Este ensayo utiliza una gran variedad de recursos tales como hallazgos del campo de investigación, investigación de museos y estudios antropológicos de etnicidad y desarrollo en China. Estas fuentes de investigación examinan el cambio en la política de “modernización” de la minorías étnicas a través de programas de preservación cultural dirigidos por el estado chino. Se ha descubierto que estas políticas sostienen el desarrollo de otra manera; apoyan los reclamos políticos de China sobre las regiones étnicas, como por ejemplo Tíbet, a través de la exaltación de los lazos históricos y culturales que unen a China y Tíbet y fomentando e incentivando una industria de turismo interno de rápido crecimiento en las regiones de minoría étnica.

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