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Abstract
It is a common opinion among users of structural parts that applications for sintered steels are limited to those where requirements for strength are low to moderate. Furthermore, sintered steels of moderate strength are thought to be very brittle. It is the object of this paper to draw attention to significant improvements which have been achieved in the last few years. These are basically a result of powder developments which are based partly on traditional alloying additions, such as Cu, Ni, Mo, and C, and partly on unique combinations of iron powders and phosphorus or on combinations of iron powders, phosphorus, carbon, and/or copper. Unusually favourable combinations of strength and ductility can be achieved with diffusion-alloys based on iron and phosphorus. Components of high-duty sintered steels capable of replacing components of conventional wrought steels can be produced from partially prealloyed combinations of iron, copper, nickel, molybdenum, and carbon. For many applications these materials can also be an alternative to powder-forged steels. All the above powder combinations show consistent and low dimensional changes during sintering so that close tolerances of intricately shaped components can be maintained. Material and processing costs are such that the improved properties can be achieved economically.
Notes
* Manuscript received 30 July 1974. Contribution to a Symposium on ‘Factors Affecting the Uses of PM Products’, held in Eastbourne on 28–30 October 1974.