Psychological impact of premature ejaculation and barriers to its recognition and treatment

Abstract

Background:

Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common male sexual dysfunction, occurring in 20–30% of men. Unlike erectile dysfunction, which increases with age, rates of PE remain constant across the adult life span.

Objective:

To review the prevalence of PE, its psychological sequelae and barriers to effective treatment, treatment options, and the effects of treatment on the psychological burden of PE.

Methods:

PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify primary papers related to PE published between 1980 and 2010. Key words included premature ejaculation, prevalence, quality of life, interpersonal relationships, psychotherapy, drug therapy, and treatment barriers.

Results:

Men with PE often suffer from significant psychological distress including anxiety, depression, lack of sexual confidence, poor self-esteem, impaired quality of life, sexual dissatisfaction, and interpersonal difficulties. Due to various reasons, however, most men do not seek treatment for PE. Many physicians are unaware of the distressful nature of PE and might be reluctant to ask patients about their sexual function. Nevertheless, increasing clinical research on pharmacologic treatment of PE, and the use of on-demand orally administered short-acting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or topically applied local anesthetics, appears promising. Although few rigorous studies assessing psychotherapeutic treatments have been conducted, many clinicians report the success of psychological treatments for PE.

Summary and conclusions:

Conclusions drawn from this review are limited due to inherent variations across studies, including criteria to define PE, study designs, outcome measures, populations, survey instruments, and study settings. While the psychological distress associated with PE suggests the appropriateness of at least minimal counseling for couples, limited data are available to support a combined psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic treatment approach. The paucity of well-designed psychotherapy or combination studies represents an important unmet need in the treatment of PE.

Key words::

• Male
• Premature ejaculation
• Psychological stress
• Sexual dysfunction

Transparency

Declaration of financial/other interests

Dr Rowland has disclosed that he has no relevant financial relationships, and retained sole responsibility for the concept, development, and content approval of this manuscript. CMRO peer reviewers may have received honoraria for their review work. The peer reviewers on this manuscript have disclosed that they have no relevant financial relationships.

Acknowledgments

Technical and editorial assistance was provided by Sally Laden, MS, and Alex Loeb, PhD, CMPP, from Evidence Scientific Solutions, Philadelphia, PA, USA, and Ron Yorkovich, MSc, CMPP, and Jennifer Ciafullo, MPH, Quintiles Medical Communications, Parsippany, NJ, USA.