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Abstract
A dimensional approach to die study of personality disorders proposes that abnormalities in cognitive control, affective instability, impulsivity/aggression and anxiety, are biologically mediated and range from Axis I disorders to more chronic, milder disturbances of personality. This approach provides a framework for investigating the neurobiological underpinnings of personality disorders and possible therapeutic interventions. The interplay between biological temperament and environmental adversity contribute to personality dysfunction and this idea is reflected in treatment approaches such as dialectical behavioral therapy. The current neurobiology and specific treatments, both pharmacological and psychosocial, are reviewed. Connections between the biological underpinnings and treatment strategies are presented. Despite the numerous limitations in the treatment literature, therapeutic improvement is possible for individuals with personality disorders.