Abstract
The 15th Annual Congress of the European Respiratory Society was held in Copenhagen on 17 – 21 September 2005. The congress was attended by > 16,000 delegates from 119 countries. The meeting covered a wide range of issues (epidemiological, pathological and therapeutic) relating to the spectrum of respiratory diseases. The following summary refers to aspects of the more frequently encountered disorders of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease where new information was presented related to clinical development for projects including smoking cessation, combination therapies and new diagnostic approaches.