The hidden costs of anticoagulation in hospitalized patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Abstract

Introduction: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and ischemic stroke are collectively associated with annual hospital costs of tens of billions of dollars in the USA. Oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment with warfarin reduces the risk of stroke in patients with NVAF. Unfortunately, because of the complexity of warfarin therapy and potential for adverse events (AEs), many patients who might benefit go untreated or receive suboptimal therapy, increasing their stroke and/or bleeding risk.

Areas covered: This review explores current hospital costs and resource utilization for NVAF patients on warfarin therapy and the potential impact of newer OACs in this area.

Expert opinion: Many ischemic strokes could be prevented through wider use of OACs. Further, admissions due to anticoagulant-associated AEs could be reduced by optimizing OAC therapy. In the hospital, specialized anticoagulation services can decrease costs by improving the effectiveness of warfarin management, empowering patients through education and optimizing care transitions. With fewer interactions and no dose titration or monitoring required, the novel OACs (NOACs) have the potential to further decrease inpatient resource utilization and costs. It is important that, as data become available, inpatient costs are included in cost–benefit comparisons between warfarin and the NOACs.

Keywords::

• anticoagulant
• apixaban
• atrial fibrillation costs
• dabigatran
• ischemic stroke
• rivaroxaban
• target-specific
• warfarin

Acknowledgments

The authors were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions, were involved at all stages of manuscript development and have approved that the final version reflects their interpretation and conclusions. Medical writing assistance, supported financially by Boehringer Ingelheim, was provided by Annie Rowe PhD CMPP of the UBC-Envision Group during the preparation of this article. Boehringer Ingelheim was given the opportunity to check the data cited for factual accuracy only.

Notes

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