Emerging antidyslipidemic drugs

Abstract

Background: Many patients at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) fail to reach target lipid levels with currently available medications, and a small but clinically relevant proportion of patients experience adverse effects. Thus, additional pharmaceutical strategies are required to fill these gaps in efficacy and tolerability. Objective: To provide an overview of both current and emerging antidyslipidemic drugs. Methods: For the current antidyslipidemic drugs, we focus primarily on statins, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, ezetimibe, and niacin. Emerging antidyslipidemic drugs herein discussed were identified by searching the Pharmaprojects database for ‘hypercholesterolemia drugs’ (Phase II or Phase III), ‘HDL-based therapies’, and ‘PCSK9 inhibition’. Results/conclusions: Combinations of currently existing medications are most easily applicable. Meanwhile, strategies to raise HDL-C rely on a deep understanding of the complexity of HDL metabolism. Furthermore, novel approaches to further reduce LDL-C warrant careful evaluation of benefit–risk ratio. Finally, the medical community will have to rely on late-phase CHD outcome studies as the final arbiter of clinical application for any new antidyslipidemia treatment.

Keywords::

• biotherapeutics
• cholesterol
• combination therapy
• coronary heart disease
• dyslipidemia
• high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
• low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
• statins
• triglyceride