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Abstract
Background: PPAR-γ is a target for the treatment of metabolic disorders, as Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone are already used against type 2 diabetes. Pleiotropic functions, such as antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects against several pathological states, including cardiovascular disease and cancer, are currently being explored in clinical studies. Objective: Evidence indicates that PPAR-γ is expressed in the placenta, playing a crucial role in placental development and function, while PPAR-γ ligands appear to modulate fetal membrane signals. Thus, in the last few years, the pivotal role of PPAR-γ in placental biology has been the focus of extensive research, as diabetes appears to be the most common metabolic dysfunction in pregnancy. Methods: We aim to present data concerning the expression of PPAR-γ in animal and human placenta, underlining its significance in normal placental development and several gestational diseases. The effects of PPAR-γ ligands as modulators of placental biology in normal and certain pathological conditions are also discussed. Results/conclusion: Current research provides substantial evidence that PPAR-γ plays a pivotal role in placental biology and may reveal new perspectives in the treatment of gestational diseases.