Safety review of kava (Piper methysticum) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration

Catherine Ulbricht Natural Standard Research Collaboration, 1 Broadway, 14th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. [email protected]

Ethan Basch Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA

Heather Boon University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada

Edzard Ernst University of Exeter, The Queen’s Drive, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QJ, UK

Paul Hammerness Harvard Medical School, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA

David Sollars New England School of Acupuncture, 40 Belmont Street, Watertown, MA 02472, USA

Candy Tsourounis University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

Jen Woods Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA

Stephen Bent University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

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Abstract

This systematic review discusses the proposed uses, dosing parameters, adverse effects, toxicology, interactions and mechanism of action of kava. The widespread concern regarding the potential hepatotoxicity of kava is discussed. A recommendation is made to consolidate and analyse available reports and to continue postmarket surveillance in an international repository to prevent duplicates and promote collection of thorough details at the time of each report so that any association with kava is clearly defined.

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Safety review of kava (Piper methysticum) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration

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Safety review of kava (Piper methysticum) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration

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